第四节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共20分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

How often do you use your car? Can you use your car less often? Do you know the following facts in the UK?

   ·About 50% of all car journeys are just for fun.

   ·Over 80% people go to work by car.

   ·25% car journeys are under two miles.

   ·70% car journeys are under five miles. 

WALKING & CYCLING

    Instead of using the car for short journeys, why not walk or ride a bicycle? Walking is a most popular form of exercise—it’s healthy and it can save you money. If you work nearby, try walking or cycling instead of driving. Walking your children to school gives them valuable road experience. 

BUSES

    Bus companies are using new buses: some run on new fuels which produce less pollution; some have easier access for disabled and old people. There are special traffic lanes (行车道)to make bus journeys easier and more reliable. So do something to help solve the pollution problem—let the bus take you to work and your children to school. 

TRAINS

    All car journeys, long or short, can be hard work. For some trips it is wiser to take the train. Leave your car at home and walk, cycle or take a bus to and from the station. Train travel is fast, safe and comfortable. Train tickets are not always expensive; some are quite cheap at discount

56. How many of car journeys are just for fun in the UK?

A. 25% B. About 50% C. 70% D. Over 80%

57. The writer believes that ______ can give children valuable road experience.

A. walking to school B. traveling by train

C. taking new fuel buses D. having car journeys for fun

58. What is the main purpose of this passage?

A. To advise people to use cars less often.

B. To encourage people to travel by train.

C. To teach people how to use the buses.

D. To tell people to obey traffic rules.

B

    Parents can usually tell if their children are lying to them, and so can teachers. Knowing if someone is lying can be useful. There are a number of behaviors that you can observe to help catch someone in a lie.

    Eyes, windows to the soul, can provide information about whether you are hearing the truth or a lie. Here is a simple experiment. Ask a friend or a family member to imagine their mother with green hair. You should notice that their eyes look up to their left while they are imagining their mother. Then ask them to think about what they did this morning and their eyes will probably look up to the right. Basically, eye movement to the left indicates the person is imagining something that is not real or did not happen. When the eyes move up and to the right, the person is remembering something that actually happened. Body language is another way to see if someone is telling tales. A professional poker (扑克) player will probably tell you not to believe someone whose hands touch their face, throat, or mouth. It seems that when we are being less than truthful our hands want to cover our face in some way. It is unlikely that a liar (someone who tells lies) will touch their chest with an open hand.

   Paying careful attention to how people talk can also help you catch someone in a lie. If a student is accused of copying homework, and is guilty, they are likely to get defensive. They may deny the copying and ask why the teacher does not like him or her, while an innocent person might be expected to take the offensive, explaining for example, how they got the ideas for the homework and convincing the teacher to talk to someone who saw them do the homework.

   You may also find a guilty person speaks more than is natural and adds lots of unnecessary details to their story in an attempt to convince you they are telling the truth. If you suspect this is happening, try changing the subject of your conversation quickly. A liar will happily follow your change of direction and will become more relaxed.

But remember: just because someone is showing one or more of the signs associated with lying does not necessarily make them a liar. Some other forms of stress other than lying may explain their behavior, and some people exhibit these signs as normal behavior. However, if you need to distinguish a lie from the truth, these tips could be a good start.

59. When accused of copying, a student who cheats will try to ______.

A. prove his innocence by giving a wild story

B. convince his teacher by taking offensive action

C. figure out whether the teacher considers him guilty

D. cover his lies by keeping changing conversation topics

60. What is the best title for the passage?

   A. What causes people to lie B. How a liar covers his lies

   C. What tricks a liar uses D. How to detect a lie

61. What can we infer from the passage?

   A. Innocent people will not explain their stories in detail.

   B. Touching mouth is an effective way to hide dishonesty.

   C. Eye movement to the left indicates that the person is lying.

   D. Liars favor a new topic in hope of their lies going undetected.
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