A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists( 悲观者)who expected their future to be worse.
    The paper, published this March in Psychology and Aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40,000 Germans between ages 18 and 96. The surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2003.
    Survey respondents (受访者) were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, among other questions.
    The researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middle-aged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future. Adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction. Not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would, the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio (比率) of disability and death for the study period.
   “We observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade,” wrote Frieder R. Lang, a professor at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg.
    Lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future.
“Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions (预防措施),” the authors wrote.
    Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline. Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.
    The authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions. Illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes. However, the researchers said a pattern was clear. “We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic,” the authors concluded.
72. According to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction?
A. Optimistic adults.           B. Middle-aged adults.
C. Adults in poor health.          D. Adults of lower income.
73. Pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people ______.
A. to fully enjoy their present life
B. to estimate their contribution accurately
C. to take measures against potential risks
D. to value health more highly than wealth
74. How do people of higher income see their future?
A. They will earn less money.
B. They will become pessimistic.
C. They will suffer mental illness.
D. They will have less time to enjoy life.
75. What is the clear conclusion of the study?
A. Pessimism guarantees chances of survival.
B. Good financial condition leads to good health.
C. Medical treatment determines health outcomes.
D. Expectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.

第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，满分35分）

第四部分 书面表达（满分35分）
写作一 （满分15分）
请结合材料，按要求用英语写作。
Two friends of mine with a ten-year good co-operation got separated last week just because of a lie.
(1)就此材料发表你的看法
(2)紧扣材料，有明确的观点
(3)词数不少于60词
写作二 （满分20分）
学校里一些同学互相攀比，追求时髦和高档消费。请写一篇以“My Attitude to Pursuit of Fashion in School”为主题的英文演讲搞。
内容应包括：
(1)陈述现象
(2)分析原因
(3)你的看法
注意：1.词数不少于80词
      2.演讲稿的格式和开头已给出（不计入总词数）
 　　Good afternoon, everyone! 
　 The topic of my speech today is "My Attitude to Pursuit of Fashion in School". 
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