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PALO AITO, California—"Switching off the television may help prevent children from getting fatter -- even if they do not change their diet or increase the amount they exercise," US researchers said last week.
A study of 192 third and fourth grades students, generally aged eight and nine, found that children who cut the number of hours spent watching television gained nearly two pounds (0.91kg ) less over a one-year period than those who did not change their television diet.
"The findings are important because they show that weight loss can only be the result of a reduction in television viewing and not any other activity," said Thomas Robinson, a pediatrician (儿科专家）at Stanford University.
"American children spend an average of more than four hours per day watching television and videos, and rates of childhood being very fat have doubled over the past 20 years," Robinson said.
In the study, presented this week to the Pediatric Academic Societies' annual meeting in San Francisco, the researchers persuaded about 100 of the students to reduce their television viewing by one-quarter to one-third.
Children watching fewer hours of television showed a significantly smaller increase in waist size and had less body fat than other students who continue their normal television viewing, even though neither group ate a special diet nor took part in any extra exercise.
"One explanation for the weight loss could be the children unstuck to the television may simply have been moving around and burning off calories," Robinson said.
"Another reason might be due to eating fewer meals in front of the television. Some studies have suggested that eating in front of the TV encourages people to eat more," Robinson added.
39. What do the first two paragraphs imply?
A. Children in the US are tired of watching TV.
B. Watching TV can help children to loose weight.
C. Younger children watch more TV than older ones.
D. More TV viewing is harmful to children's health.
40. In average, the time American children spend watching TV ___.
A. is more than four hours a day
B. is less than four hours a day
C. has doubled in the last twenty years
D. is more than doing any other things
41. The researchers made sure the students didn't change their diet in order to ___.
A. keep them from getting too heavy
B. enable them to do more exercises
C. reduce their time watching TV
D. make their findings more believable
42. According to the passage, why can watching TV increase kids' weight?
A. They usually eat more while watching TV.
B. They change their diet while watching TV.
C. They burn off more calories while watching TV.
D. They don't want to take exercise while watching TV.
D
A recent survey in the United States showed that the average family spent more money on its pets than on its children. Although rather shocking, it should not surprise anyone who has seen the doggy parlors(客厅) where loved pets rest. Are Americans unique in treating their little friends in this way? No, the English, too, pay more attention to their pets.
This can clearly be seen when we look at pet foods, which often contain more vitamins than human food. They certainly cost much. Last year the British public spent two hundred million pounds on pet food alone, to say nothing of veterinary bills or animal furniture. It is difficult not to feel angry about this when considering what the same amount could do for victims of starvation and poverty, so it is not unusual for me to get hot under collar when I read an old man left all his money to his dog instead of his children.
There are a variety of reasons why I find pets-raising alarming. They cause physical problems. An example of this is New York where they have great difficulty getting rid of the mess that dogs leave on the streets. Many people find this funny, but in a number of large cities it is a major problem. Animals can cause disease, too. It is the threat of rabies — a disease with no known cure.
Another problem is the carelessness of pet owners. Most little children want a dog or a cat, and they continually push their mothers and fathers until they get one. It is only when the "sweet little thing" has been brought home that the parents realize how much time and money must be spent on "Rover" or "Bonzo". Then they just abandon it. As a result, they are allowed to run free. English farmers lose hundreds of sheep a year, killed by someone's pet and you must have read of children being hurt by some pets of their own.
Lastly, I would only suggest that we have got our priorities wrong and that something should be done about it. In my view, it's time we stopped being sentimental about pets. I can see no reason why we should get upset when animals are cut up for medical experiments. This will lead us to discovering cures for serious human diseases, then I say, “keep cutting!”
43. The doggy parlors are mentioned in the 1st paragraph to show ___.
A. where Americans keep their pets
B. what costly lives the pets are living
C. why children love their pets so much
D. how much pets depend on their masters
44. In the second paragraph "to get hot under the collar" probably means ___.
A. getting quite hot   B. feeling overwhelmingly angry
C. becoming excited   D. receiving a fashionable shirt
45. According to the author, in which field can animals be most useful?
A.Pet.  B. Food.  C. Medicine.  D. Sports.
46. What is author's attitude towards pets-raising?
A. Pitiful.  B. Neutral.  C. Opposed.  D. Supportive.
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