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三、综合概括题:综合概括题要求考生对全文或段落进行总体语篇把握,通过观察表格的设置特点,从而归纳和概括出所考查的单词。此类设题一般位于表格的第一行或第一列。为了更快捷地掌握概括能力,总结和熟记一些概括性词汇及其固定搭配也是很有必要的。如第79小题。下面举一些基本的概括性词汇:总结、概括:conclusion, summary建议:suggestion, tip, advice, proposal, recommendation影响:effect, influence, impact印象:impression因果:reason, cause; result, consequence。考点:考查任务型阅读71.【小题1】invited后加to【小题2】surprising ---surprised【小题3】month---months【小题4】how---what【小题5】but---and【小题6】realize---realized【小题7】He went---I went【小题8】smiled---smiling【小题8】 happily---happy【小题10】a great fun---great fun【解析】【小题1】invited后加to 考查动词词组。Invite sb. to 邀请某人去......故invited后加to。【小题2】surprising ---surprised 考查词性。surprised惊奇的,惊讶的,修饰人;surprising 令人惊讶的,修饰物。故surprising ---surprised。【小题3】month---months 考查名词的单复数。因为前面有two,表示有两个,应该用复数形式。故month---months。【小题4】how---what 考查连词。句意:不知道该做什么。故how---what。【小题5】but---and 考查连词。根据句意,前后应该为并列关系,故but---and。【小题6】realize---realized 考查时态。根据前一句为过去时,且在说同一件事。故realize---realized。【小题7】He went---I went 考查人称代词。根据句意理解,可知此处是我去...故He went---I went。【小题8】smiled---smiling 考查伴随状语。表示我走过去的状态。故smiled---smiling。【小题8】 happily---happy 考查固定用法。此处look是系动词,后面加上形容词构成系表结构。故happily---happy。【小题10】a great fun---great fun 考查冠词。因为fun为不可数名词,不能加不定冠词。故a great fun---great fun。考点:考查短文改错【名师点睛】在短文改错中常出现的错误主要有以下几类:1.名词单复数用错,可数与不可数名词的混用。比如第3题:考查名词的单复数。因为前面有two,表示有两个,应该用复数形式。故month---months。2. 动词:时态和语态,常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时,中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象;或是及物动词后无宾语,或是不及物动词后加了宾语;需要接ing形式的接了to,或相反等。比如第6题:考查时态。根据前一句为过去时,且在说同一件事。故realize---realized。3. 形容词副词:常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反;关系副词where, when, why等的缺失或错用。4. 介词:主要是介词的多余或缺失,错用。比如最后一句It is said that three so little cars can fit in with the space now needed for one car of the usual size. fit in适应,适合;装配好;找时间做,故把fit in with---去掉with。5. 主谓一致性:第三人称单数漏掉s,或主语为复数,谓语动词用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的影响。6. 冠词:定冠词the的多余或缺失,如季节,月份,星期,球类及三餐活动,称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the。比如第10题:考查冠词。因为fun为不可数名词,不能加不定冠词。故a great fun---great fun。7. 数词:主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用。8. 连词:不合句中的逻辑关系。如需转折连词(如but)的时候用了承接连词(so),或相反等等。比如第5题:考查连词。根据句意,前后应该为并列关系,故but---and。9. 代词:主要是代词的格与数的错用。如男性用了女性代词,单数用了复数代词或相反;应当用形容词性的物主代词用了宾格,主格或相反,关系代词的错用或缺失。10. 常用固定短语或固定用法及句型用错。比如第9题:考查固定用法。此处look是系动词,后面加上形容词构成系表结构。故happily---happy。72.Dear Sir or Madame,I am writing in response to your advertisement in the newspaper. My name is Li Hua and I am 18 years old. I think I will be fit for the job as a waitress in your hotel this summer vacation. My advantages are as follows:Firstly, I am healthy and strong. I can work for long hours in summer. Secondly, my English is excellent. I can speak English fluently and have no difficulty communicating with foreigners.Finally , I am outgoing and good at communicating with others. As a result, I am popular among my classmates and teachers.I would appreciate it if you could give me the chance to work in your hotel. Im looking forward to your reply.Yours,Wang Hua【解析】试题分析:假如你是李华,最近你从报纸上看到一家涉外酒店招聘暑期兼职工的广告,请你根据要点提示写一封应聘信。写作时不要逐句翻译,可适当增加细节以使行文连贯同时要把所提示的点写全,语句通顺,同时要注意准确运用时态、语态、上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系。根据句意适当使用并列连词,同时也要合理运用高级词汇和高级句子为文章增色添彩。【亮点说明】I am writing in response to your advertisement in the newspaper. 开头表明自己的目的,一目了然;I think I will be fit for the job as a waitress in your hotel this summer vacation. 运用宾语从句;I can speak English fluently and have no difficulty communicating with foreigners.运用固定句式与高级词组结合;同时运用连接词,使文章连接自然,如Firstly首先,Finally最后等,I would appreciate it if you could give me the chance to work in your hotel. Im looking forward to your reply.此句式为文章增色,显得文章很有档次。
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